Which of the following is considered a primary method of alternative dispute resolution?

Mediation is considered a primary method of alternative dispute resolution (ADR) because it involves a neutral third party facilitating communication between disputing parties to help them reach a voluntary and mutually acceptable resolution. This process allows parties to maintain control over the outcome and is often quicker and less costly than traditional litigation.

Mediation differs from other methods, such as litigation, which is a formal court process that can be time-consuming and adversarial. While negotiation is more informal and can occur between parties directly without involving a third party, mediation specifically incorporates a mediator to guide the discussions. Appeals are not a method of dispute resolution; rather, they involve seeking a review of a decision made by a lower court, which does not fit into the ADR framework.

The effectiveness of mediation in resolving disputes is why it stands out as a recognized primary ADR method, promoting collaboration and preserving relationships, which can be particularly valuable in business contexts.